1.Virtual Power Plant (VPP) : is a cloud-based distributed power plant that gathers heterogeneous capabilities of distributed energy (DER) to enhance power generation for purposes, as well as buying, selling or selling electricity to the electricity market.

2.Definition of virtual power plant:

①concept：Through advanced digital technology, control technology, Internet of Things technology and information and communication technology, distributed resources such as distributed power supply, energy storage and adjustable load are aggregated and managed and optimized for control, and participate in the operation of the power grid and the operation entity of the power market.

②The core of the concept can be summarized as "communication" and "aggregation".

③The key technologies mainly include coordination and control technology, intelligent metering technology and information and communication technology

④DER can participate in the power market and auxiliary service market operation, and provide management and auxiliary services for the distribution network and transmission network